As tribes grew larger, there became a time for us to choose an individual to help us make decisions that no longer could be by consensus. Jean Auel's descriptions in her first three books: Clan of the Cave Bear, The Mammoth Hunters, The Plains of Passage show just how these large tribes encompassing dozens of individuals probably functioned. You can clearly see the differentiation of types and better yet you can follow the tribe's thinking when one of their own becomes weak. Weak in the moral arena, not the physical one. You can begin to see the bias that develops but still, the tribes took care of its members. The tribe had not yet gone the two steps required to become what we are today.
The first step was greed. Greed for the unnecessary. Greed, our original sin. We have honed that particular emotion to the utmost. But, greed, nonetheless was not necessarily the bad thing it became. Greed allowed a higher level of curiosity and began the requirement of mind over the necessary to wanting. There is nothing that greed does not cover. Everything that can be achieved turns bad when greed is the prime motivator. The development of this emotion requires, in my belief, that unless the wanted "thing" is achieved, frustration over denial leads to hate against the who or what prevents its achievement. And still, the tribe system worked well overall to further advancement.
The second step was the discovery of how babies were actually made. No, this is not what you're thinking. In my philosophy, until mankind began to understand how babies were made, the sin of materialism wasn't of much use. Think about it: if you acquire "things" then you want to be assured that who get your "things" is related to you by blood. I mean, why give it over to friends or strangers if you have offspring that are yours. Offspring that also give you a "reason" to validate your acquisions. So they discovered how babies were made and then, guess what? Well, to insure that your seed was "your seed", women had to be prevented from allowing other seeds to take root. The millenium-old freedom which all members of the race had from the beginning to time to copulate by choice and at will had to be prevented. Sometime after we came together in large tribes, women began to be treated as chattel. And within just a few thousand years, we were by religion and power, legal chattel of the men in our lives. The freedoms enjoyed by all were then taken away from women but continued to be enjoyed by men. Now the concept of "kings" could begin and the consolidation of power within a group was completed. We are now sometime around the 10-15,000 years ago.
Now, to the GODs!